In 1990, scientists initiated a study of the development of children in the greater Johannesburg/Soweto metropolitan area of South Africa. 2 They collected information on certain children at birth, and five years later invited these children and their caregivers to be interviewed about health-related issues. Relatively few participated in the follow-up interviews, and the researchers wanted to know whether those who participated had similar characteristics to those who did not participate. In the following tables, these are referred to as the five-year group and the children not traced, respectively. One factor used to compare these groups was whether the mother had health insurance at the time the child was born. Here are the results for this factor, including only participants who were either white or black. a. Fill in the blanks in the preceding table. Round all percentages to whole numbers. b. In the summary of the cited study, the author noted, “If the five- year sample is to be used to draw conclusions about the entire birth cohort, the five-year group should have characteristics similar to those who were not traced from the initial group.†Are the percentages of those with insurance similar between the two groups in the table? If not, what conclusion would you draw on the basis of this quotation?
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